Pulp and paper:
Paper is produced from cellulose fibers extracted from the cells of a tree. Pulp is made by pressing these fibers together to form a mat.

Wood-based composites:
Plywood and particleboard are produced by combining sawdust, wood shavings or wood with other materials.

Types of Softwood Timber

Fir:
A straight, thin tree, growing to about 40m ( 130 ft ) in height and 1m ( 3 ft 3 in ) in diameter, losing its lower braches in the process.

Cedar:
This elegant, conical-shaped tree grows slowly to 30 m ( 100 ft ) in height and about 1m ( 3 ft 3 in ) in diameter.

Larch:
One of the toughest softwoods, the larch grown to about 45 m (150ft) in height, and the straight, cylindrical trunk has a diameter of about 1m ( 3 ft 3 in ). The tree sheds its needles in winter.

Spruce:
This important timber producing tree has an average height of 36 m (120 ft), but can grow to 60 m ( 200 ft ) in favourable conditions. Young trees are the source of the traditional Christmas tree.

Pine:
It grows up to 30 m ( 100 ft ) in height and 1m ( 3 ft 3 in ) in diameter. It is conical in shape when young, but becomes flat topped when mature.

Types of Hardwood Timber

Beech:
This large tree can reach a height of 45 m ( 150 ft ), with a straight, clear trunk about 1.2 m ( 4 ft ) in diameter.

Ash:
This tree grows up to about 18 m ( 60 ft ) in height, and has a trunk diameter of about 750 mm ( 2 ft 6 in )

Red Oak:
Depending on the growing conditions, it can reach a height of 21 m     ( 70 ft )and a diameter of 1 m ( 3 ft 3 in )

Application of Timber

• Woodworking industry
• Wooden Houses
• Furniture Industry
• Machinery and Tool